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Home » Raw Herbs » Bark

Azadirachta indica  A. JUSS

   

Botanical Name

:

Azadirachta indica A. JUSS

English Name

:

Margosa margosa, Neem, Nim

Synonym(s)

:

Melia azadirachta Linn.

Family

:

Meliaceae

 

General Info

Description

A large, evergreen tree, with long, spreading branches forming a broad crown. The bark is grey and rough; the leaves are alternate, the leaflets 8-19, glossy and bluntly serrate; the flowers are white or pale-yellow, small, scented, numerous and found in long, axillary panicles; the drupes are yellow on ripening, aromatic, oblong and smooth, with a single ex-albuminous seed.

Herb Effects

Astringent, tonic, alterative, purgative, emollient, anthelmintic, antiperiodic, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and antiviral.

Links

Herbal Monograph
PIER
Azadirachta indica

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Beta-sitosterol, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin (flower); gedunin, nimbidin (seed); hyperoside, quercitrin, rutin (leaf); linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid (fruit); nimbin, nimbinin, tannin (stem bark); scopoletin (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Nimbin Not Available Not Available C30H36O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Myricetin 529-44-2 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(
3,4,5-trihydroxyphen
yl)-chromen-7-one
C15H10O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Gedunin 2629-11-0 Not Available C28H36O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Hyperoside 482-36-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-chromen-7
-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercitrin 6151-25-3 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
methyl-oxa n-2-yl)o
xy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Rutin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate
C27H36O19 Click Here To Enlarge
Linoleic acid 8024-22-4 octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid
C18H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitic acid 66321-94-6 hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Stearic acid 82497-27-6 Octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Scopoletin 92-61-5 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-
chromen-7-one
C10H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

To treat skin diseases, rheumatism, stomach worms, gastric ulcers, urinary discharges, tumours, piles, toothache, arthritis, leprosy and sprains; used in Ayurveda practice to relieve cough, asthma, piles, tumours and urinary discharges.

Contraindication

Neem seed oil is more problematic and should be kept out of reach of children because of a report of Reye's syndrome–like symptoms in a few infants who consumed 5 ml of the oil and ultimately died (Sinniah et al., 1982). Neem should be avoided in pregnancy

Reference

Sinniah D, Baskara G, Looi LM, Leong KL. Reye-like syndrome due to margosa oil poisoning: Report of a case with postmortem findings. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:158–61.

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