Astringent (bark)

Astringent (bark)

Astringent and tonic (fruit).

Used as an astringent and antiseptic (leaves)

Antifertility (flower and seed); anthelmintic and laxative (seed); astringent (gum); stops secretions and hemostatic, bitter, pungent, emmenagogue, alliterative,tonic, diuretic, aphrodisiac.

Antiperiodic (pods and bark); antipyretic (roots); astringent (pod)

Purgative (roots); astringent, anthelmintic, analgesic, antipyretic, and antimalarial (seeds); emmenagogue and laxative (leaves)

Astringent, an intoxicating effect and anti-pyretic (root); antifatigue (in rats)

Used as a purgative and abortifacient (infusion of leaves); emmenagogue and abortifacient (roots); astringent (fruit)

Semen coagulant and anticancer (stem); antiinflammatory (heartwood); astringent and emmenagogue (infusion of wood)

Antiseptic (flower extract) and antimicrobial (plant extract); diaphoretic (leaves); antispasmodic, emmenagogue and stimulant (flowers); antiphlogistic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, aperient, astringent, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, skin, stimulant and vulnerary (flowers and leaves)

Antiseptic, astringent, cholagogue, depurative, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, mildly sedative and vasoconstrictor (flowering shoot)

Astringent, anti-inflammatory, purgative, antihaemorrhagic, hypothermic, alleviates spasms and stimulates the central nervous and cardiovascular systems (aerial part).

Cardiotonic, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant and astringent (leaves).

Astringent (root bark); laxative and stimulant (plant); antibacterial (seed).

Analgesic, bitter, antirheumatic and diuretic (root bark); antibacterial, fungicidal and anticystic (plant juice and volatile portion of plant); anthelmintic (root); mild laxative and expectorant; acrid and astringent (dried flower bud)

Lessens permeability of walls of blood vessels (leaf and flower); lowers blood pressure, bitter, pungent, astringent, febrifugal, emmenagogue, hemostatic, diuretic and antiscorbutic (plant).

Astringent (fruit and bark)

Bitter, anthelmintic, stomachic and antiscorbutic (roots); astringent and antiscorbutic (ripe fruits); constipating, anaphrodisiac, appetizer and antipyretic (unripe fruits)

Astringent (unripe fruit) and anti- tubercular activity against strains of Mycobacterium phlei and M. 607 (root); laxative (fruit)