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Swertia chirata (ROXB. EX. FLEM.) KAR.


Botanical Name	:	Swertia chirata (ROXB. EX. FLEM.) KAR.
English Name	:	Chirata Brown
Synonym(s)	:	Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Flem.) Karst.
Family	:	Gentianaceae

General Info

Description

The plant is an erect annual. The stems are robust, branching, cylindrical below and 4-angled upwards, containing a large pith; the leaves are broadly lanceolate, 5-nerved and sub-sessile; the flowers occur in large panicles, are lurid greenish yellow, tinged with purple; the capsules are egg-shaped, many-sided, sharp-pointed; the seeds are smooth and many- angled.

Herb Effects

Bitter tonic, stomachic, febrifuge, anthelmintic, appetizer, laxative, alterative, antidiarrhoeic, antiperiodic.

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Herb Information
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Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Beta-amyrin, gentianine, gentiopicrin, lupeol, mangiferin, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, swerchirin, swertianin, tannin (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Beta-Amyrin

559-70-6

4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol

C₃₀H₅₀O

Gentianine

439-89-4

10-ethenyl-8-oxa-4-a
zabicyclo[4.4.0]deca
-2,4,11-trien-7-one

C₁₀H₉NO₂

Gentiopicrin

Not Available

(9S,10R)-10-ethenyl-
9-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-
3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(
hydroxymet hyl)oxan
-2-yl]oxy-4,8-dioxab
icyclo[4.4.0]deca-1,
6-dien-5-one

C₁₆H₂₀O₉

Lupeol

Not Available

C₃₀H₅₀O

Mangiferin

99331-60-9

1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy
-2-[(3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,
4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hy
droxymethy l)oxan-2
-yl]xanthen-9-one

C₁₉H₁₈O₁₁

Oleic acid

8046-01-3

octadec-9-enoic acid

C₁₈H₃₄O₂

Palmitic acid

66321-94-6

Hexadecanoic acid

C₁₆H₃₂O₂

Stearic acid

82497-27-6

octadecanoic acid

C₁₈H₃₆O₂

Swerchirin

521-65-3

1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-di
methoxy-xanthen-9-on
e

C₁₅H₁₂O₆

Swertianin

Not Available

1,2,8-trihydroxy-6-m
ethoxy-xanthen-9-one

C₁₄H₁₀O₆

Tannin

1401-55-4

Not Available

C₂₇H₂₂O₁₈

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

As tonic to heart, liver and eyes, resolvent, drying, astringent, liquifying, balgham, cough, scanty urine, melancholia, dropsy, sciatia, skin diseases. An excellent drug for intermittent fevers, skin diseases, intestinal worms, bronchial asthma, burning of the body, regulating the bowels.

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