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Dioscorea pentaphylla L.


Botanical Name	:	Dioscorea pentaphylla L.
English Name	:	Five-Leaf Yam
Synonym(s)	:	Dioscorea jacquemontii Hook. f.
Family	:	Dioscoreaceae

General Info

Description

A slender twining herb prickles at base and bulbils at leaf joint. Leaves trifoliate, glabrous below, leaf stalk long, tip blunt, oblique base. Flowers small, pale green. Fruit capsule, oblong having notch at both ends. Seed flat and winged.

Herb Effects

Antiinflammatory (50% EtOH rhizome extract).

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Dioscorine (tuber); alanine, arginine, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, beta-carotene, glutamic acid, glycine, histidiene, leucine, linoleic acid, lysine, methionine, niacin, oleic acid, palmitic aid, phenylalanine, riboflavin, stearic acid, thiamin, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine (root)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Dioscorine

3329-91-7

Not Available

C₁₃H₁₉NO₂

Alanine

35597-43-4

2-[2-[2-amino-4-(hyd
roxy-methyl-phosphor
yl)-butanoyl]aminopr
opanoylami no]propa
noic acid

C₁₁H₂₂N₃O₆P

Arginine

7004-12-8

2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid

C₆H₁₄N₄O₂

Ascorbic acid

Not Available

2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one

C₆H₈O₆

Aspartic acid

6899-03-2

2-aminobutanedioic
acid

C₄H₇NO₄

beta-Carotene

Not Available

3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene

C₄₀H₅₆

Glutamic acid

Not Available

2-aminopentanedioic
acid

C₅H₉NO₄

Glycine

87867-94-5

2-aminoacetic acid

C₂H₅NO₂

Histidine

6027-02-7

2-amino-3-(3H-imidaz
ol-4-yl)propanoic
acid

C₆H₉N₃O₂

Leucine

2439-37-4

2-dimethylamino-4-me
thyl-pentanoic acid

C₈H₁₇NO₂

Linoleic acid

8024-22-4

Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid

C₁₈H₃₂O₂

Lysine

923-27-3

2,6-diaminohexanoic
acid

C₆H₁₄N₂O₂

Methionine

348-67-4

2-amino-4-methylsulf
anyl-butanoic acid

C₅H₁₁NO₂S

Niacin

99148-57-9

pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid

C₆H₅NO₂

Oleic acid

8046-01-3

octadec-9-enoic acid

C₁₈H₃₄O₂

Palmitic acid

66321-94-6

Hexadecanoic acid

C₁₆H₃₂O₂

Phenylalanine

3617-44-5

2-amino-3-phenyl-pro
panoic acid

C₉H₁₁NO₂

Riboflavin

Not Available

C₁₇H₂₁N₄O₉P

Stearic acid

82497-27-6

Octadecanoic acid

C₁₈H₃₆O₂

Thiamin

59-43-8

2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol

C₁₂H₁₇N₄OS+

Tryptophan

80206-30-0

2-amino-3-(1H-indol-
3-yl)propanoic acid

C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₂

Tyrosine

556-02-5

2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy
phenyl)-propanoic
acid

C₉H₁₁NO₃

Valine

7004-03-7

2-amino-3-methyl-but
anoic acid

C₅H₁₁NO₂

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In anasarca and dropsy (plant); rheumatism (tuber decoction). The tuber is used as an external application to disperse swellings, and also as a tonic. Its decoction is used externally to relieve rheumatism.

Contraindication

Do not use in cases of liver problems and urination difficulty due to urinary tract infection.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.

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