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Botanical Name |
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Amomum subulatum ROXB. |
English
Name |
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Greater Cardamom or Nepal Cardamom |
Synonym(s) |
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Amomum aromaticum Roxb. |
Family |
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Zingiberaceae |
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General Info
| Description |
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It is a tall and perennial herb, with leafy stems. Rhizomes are creeping and branched, with several erect leafy shoots and panicles. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, 30 to 60 cm in length, glabrous and the tip is acuminate. The spikes are globose, very dense, and shortly peduncled. Calyx and corolla tube segments are sub-obtuse, shorter than the tube and the upper one is cuspidate. Lip is obovate-cuneate, emarginate, yellowish white and rather longer than the corolla-segments. Capsules are 2.5 cm long, irregularly obcordate, echinate, trilocular, dark red-brown in color, containing several aromatic seeds in each cell and held together by a viscous sugary pulp. The fruit is anterio-posteriorly flattened, having 15 to 20 irregular, dentate-undulate wings which extend from the apex to downward for two-thirds of its length. |
| Herb Effects |
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Stimulant, stomachic, carminative, hypoglycemic (rhizome and root); deters growth of keratinophilic fungi (seed oil); increases the secretion of gastric juices, stimulant, astringent and alexipharmic (seed). |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
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Petunidin 3.5-diglucoside and leucocyanidin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, subulin, sabinine, terpinine, chalconecardamonin and alpha and beta-pinine (seed). |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
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Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
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| alpha-Pinene |
80-56-8 |
2,7,7-trimethylbicyc
lo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene |
C10H16 |
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| Beta-pinene |
23089-32-9 |
6,6-dimethyl-2-methy
lidene-norpinane |
C10H16 |
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Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
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Tonic for heart and liver, vomiting, biliousness, indigestion, abdominal pains, gravel and rectal diseases (seed). A decoction of seeds is used as a gargle in affections of the teeth and gum. |
| Contraindication |
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Hypoglycemia; use with care during pregnancy |
| Reference |
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 Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.
The Himalaya Drug Company.
Bheemasankara Rao C. Namosiva Rao T. Suryaprakasam S. Cardamonin and alpinetin from the seeds of Amomum subulatum. Planta Med1976 Jun;29(4):391-2. |
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