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Botanical Name |
: |
Solanum nigrum L. |
English
Name |
: |
Black Nightshade |
Synonym(s) |
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Solanum americanum sensu Trimen |
Family |
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Solanaceae |
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General Info
| Description |
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It grows about a foot and much branched, generally making a bushy-looking mass. It varies much according to the conditions of its growth, both as to the amount of its dull green foliage and the size of its individual leaves, which are egg-shaped and stalked, the outlines bluntly notched or waved. The stem is green and hollow. The flowers are arranged in clusters at the end of stalks springing from the main stems at the intervals between the leaves, not, as in the Bittersweet, opposite the leaves. They are small and white, resembling those of Bittersweet in form, and are succeeded by small round berries, green at first, but black when ripe. |
| Herb Effects |
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The whole plant is antiperiodic, antiphlogistic, diaphoretic, diuretic, emollient, febrifuge, narcotic, purgative and sedative; diuretic (leaf); extracts of the plant are analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and vasodilator. |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
|
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Solanine (fruit); alpha and beta-solamargine, beta-sitosterol, riboflavin, solamargine, solasonine, tannin, tigogenin (plant); furostanol, spirostanol and glycosides (root and stem); diosgenin, solasodine (fruit); ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, citric acid, thiamin (leaf); linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid (seed) |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
|
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|
 |
Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
 |
|
| Solanine |
121-54-0 |
benzyl-dimethyl-[2-[
2-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetram
ethylbutyl)phenoxy]e
thoxy]ethy
l]ammoni
um hydrochloride |
C27H43ClNO2+ |
|
| Ascorbic acid |
Not Available |
2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one |
C6H8O6 |
|
| beta-Carotene |
Not Available |
3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec
a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene |
C40H56 |
|
| Beta-sitosterol |
5779-62-4 |
17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, |
C29H50O |
|
| Riboflavin |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C17H21N4O9P |
|
| Solamargine |
20311-51-7 |
Not Available |
C45H73NO15 |
|
| Solasonine |
19121-58-5 |
Not Available |
C45H73NO16 |
|
| Tannin |
1401-55-4 |
Not Available |
C27H22O18 |
|
| Tigogenin |
82597-74-8 |
Not Available |
C27H44O3 |
|
| Diosgenin |
512-04-9 |
Not Available |
C27H42O3 |
|
| Solasodine |
6106-33-8 |
Not Available |
C27H43NO2 |
|
| Citric acid |
Not Available |
2-hydroxypropane-1,2
,3-tricarboxylic
acid |
C6H8O7 |
|
| Thiamin |
59-43-8 |
2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni
acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol |
C12H17N4OS+ |
|
| Linoleic acid |
8024-22-4 |
Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid |
C18H32O2 |
|
| Oleic acid |
8046-01-3 |
octadec-9-enoic acid |
C18H34O2 |
|
| Palmitic acid |
66321-94-6 |
Hexadecanoic acid |
C16H32O2 |
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| Stearic acid |
82497-27-6 |
octadecanoic acid |
C18H36O2 |
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Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
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Hemorrhoids, liver problems (including cirrhosis), as an emollient, eye-diseases, rat poisoning, skin diseases, oedema, cough, urticarial patches, for achieving conception and to relieve from difficult labour and as a rejuvinative(plant); used externally ease pain and abate inflammation, and are applied to burns and ulcers (fresh leaves); for ringworm, gout and earache, and mixed with vinegar, is said to be good as a gargle and mouthwash (leaf juice); used externally as a poultice, wash etc in the treatment of cancerous sores, boils, leucoderma and wounds (leaves, stem and root); as an analgesic for toothaches (fruit juice). |
| Contraindication |
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Use externally only – internal use too risky |
| Reference |
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 Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.
Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.
The Himalaya Drug Company. |
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