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Home » Plant infomation

Terminalia catappa  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Terminalia catappa L.

English Name

:

Indian almond, Singapore almond, False kamani, Malabar almond, Java almond, Sea almond, West Indian almond

Synonym(s)

:

Terminalia moluccana Lamk, Terminalia procera Roxb., Terminalia latifolia Blanco, non Swartz

Family

:

Combretaceae

 

General Info

Description

A deciduous, moderate-sized tree, 10—25(—35) m tall; stem often buttressed at the base, diameter up to 1.5 m; bark dark grey-brown, fissured; branches arranged in tiers, spaced 1—2 m apart, long and horizontal, giving the tree a curiously regular appearance; young branches thickened, densely pilose, but usually quickly glabrescent. Leaves alternate, short-petioled, clustered at branch tips, usually obovate, but sometimes more or less elliptic, (8—)15—25(—38) cm x (5—)8—15(—24) cm, papery to thinly leathery, shiny, more or less glabrous and minutely verruculose, with a subcordate base usually provided with 2 glands, and a rounded or shortly acuminate apex. Flowers in axillary 8—16 cm long spikes, in which the majority is male, a few bisexual flowers being present only towards the base, very small, greenish-white, with a barbate disk, 5 calyx lobes, usually 10 stamens and a style; petals absent. Fruit an ovoid or ellipsoid drupe, 3.5—7 cm x 2—5(—5.5) cm, slightly flattened, with a prominent keel, usually glabrous, green to yellow and red at maturity. Stone surrounded by a 3—6 mm thick layer of juicy flesh.

Herb Effects

Sudorific (leaves); vermifuge (decoction of leaves); diuretic and cardiotonic (tannin from bark and leaves).

Links

PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

(+)-catechin, epicatechin, leucocyanidin, tannin (bark); ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, niacin, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, riboflavin, stearic acid, thiamin (seed); beta-carotene, corilagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid (fruit); kaempferol, quercetin (leaf).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
(+)-Catechin 5323-80-8 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Epicatechin 490-46-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Leucocyanidin 480-17-1 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,4,5,7-t
etrol
C15H14O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Linoleic acid 8024-22-4 octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid
C18H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Myristic Acid Not Available Hexane C6H14 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 Pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitic acid 66321-94-6 Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitoleic acid 2091-29-4 (E)-hexadec-9-enoic
acid
C16H30O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Stearic acid 82497-27-6 Octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Corilagin 23094-69-1 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Ellagic acid Not Available Not Available C14H6O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Externally applied to rheumatic joints (leaves); used as an astringent in dysentery and thrush, and is applied externally on skin eruptions (tannin from bark and leaves).

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