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Home » Plant infomation

Ailanthus altissima  (Mill.) Swingle

   

Botanical Name

:

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle

English Name

:

Tree of heaven

Synonym(s)

:

Ailanthus glandulosa Desf., Ailanthus vilmoriniana Dode

Family

:

Simaroubaceae

 

General Info

Description

A deciduous tree up to 30 m tall, sometimes suckering from roots, forming dense thickets. Leaves are alternate, deciduous, pinnately compound with 13-20 leaflets bearing a pair of black tipped glands at the leaf base, which is often lobed. Twigs are very stout, usually curved upwards at the tips and with a semi-circular leaf scar and light brown pith. Bark is gray and smooth. Flowers are dioecious; small yellow-green, in long (6 to 12 inches) clusters, males have a disagreeable odor, appearing in late spring to early summer. Fruit is a single bright yellow to brown samara with the seed in the center.

Herb Effects

Antispasmodic, astringent, bitter, cardiac depressant, diuretic, emetic, febrifuge, rubefacient and vermifuge (root and stem bark); emmenagogue, bechic, deobstruent and ophthalmic (fruit); astringent (leaves); as a wash for parasitic ulcers, itch, and eruptions (leaves, bark of the trunk, and roots)

Links

Trees of Alabama and the Southeast
PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation
AgroForestryTree Database
Plants For A Future database

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Ailanthone (fruit); ailanthinone (bark); beta-sitosterol, calcium oxalate, canthin-6-one, fisetin, gallic acid (plant); isoquercitrin, quercetin, scopoletin, tannin (leaves)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Ailanthone Not Available Not Available C20H24O7
Ailanthinone 53683-73-1 Not Available C25H34O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
15,16,17-dodecahydro
-1H-cyclopenta[a]phe
nanthren-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Canthin-6-one Not Available Not Available C14H8N2O
Calcium oxalate 5794-28-5 calcium oxalate C2CaO4
Isoquercetin 482-35-9 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-chromen-7
-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Scopoletin 92-61-5 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-
chromen-7-one
C10H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

To treat diarrhoea and dysentery and sometimes against tapeworms (stem bark); used for cough, gastric and intestinal upsets, cardiac palpitations, asthma and epilepsy (root bark); for cough and irregularity of menstruation (decoction of fruit); applied in lotions prescribed for seborrhoea and scabies (leaves).

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