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Home » Plant infomation

Bixa orellana  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Bixa orellana L.

English Name

:

Annatto, Lipstick Plant

Synonym(s)

:

Bixa acuminate, Bixa urucurana, Bixa acuminata, Bixa americana

Family

:

Bixaceae

 

General Info

Description

A profusely fruiting shrub or small tree that grows 5-10 m in height. Its glossy, ovate leaves are evergreen with reddish veins; they have a round, heart-shaped base and a pointed tip. With a thin, long stem, the leaves are between 8 and 20 cm long and 5 and 14 cm wide. The fruits are heart-shaped, brown or reddish brown at maturity, and are covered with short stiff hairs. Seeds fleshy, about 5 mm in diameter and covered with red-orange pulp, the embryo of which is poisonous.

Herb Effects

Antimicrobial, diuretic, digestive stimulant, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic (leaves); antioxidant, hepatoprotective, insect repellant, diuretic, hypocholesterolemic (seeds).

Links

Tropical Plant Database
Bixa orellana L.
PIER

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Arginine, bixin, crocetin, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine (seed); ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, niacin, riboflavin (fruit); cyanidin, ellagic acid, slicyclic acid (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Arginine 7004-12-8 2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid
C6H14N4O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Bixin Not Available (2E,4Z,6Z,8E,10E,12E
,14E,16Z,18E)-20-met
hoxy-4,8,13,17-tetra
methyl-20- oxo-icos
a-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,1
6,18-nonaenoic acid
C25H30O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Crocetin 27876-94-4 2,6,11,15-tetramethy
lhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10
,12,14-heptaenedioic
acid
C20H24O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Histidine 6027-02-7 2-amino-3-(3H-imidaz
ol-4-yl)propanoic
acid
C6H9N3O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoleucine 319-78-8 2-amino-3-methyl-pen
tanoic acid
C6H13NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Leucine 2439-37-4 2-dimethylamino-4-me
thyl-pentanoic acid
C8H17NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Lysine 923-27-3 2,6-diaminohexanoic
acid
C6H14N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Methionine 348-67-4 2-amino-4-methylsulf
anyl-butanoic acid
C5H11NO2S Click Here To Enlarge
Phenylalanine 3617-44-5 2-amino-3-phenyl-pro
panoic acid
C9H11NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Threonine 80-68-2 2-amino-3-hydroxy-bu
tanoic acid
C4H9NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Tryptophan 80206-30-0 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-
3-yl)propanoic acid
C11H12N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Valine 7004-03-7 2-amino-3-methyl-but
anoic acid
C5H11NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta Carotene 7235-40-7 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Cyanidin 87725-42-6 [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphe
nyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-c
hromen-5-ylidene]oxo
nium
C15H11O6+ Click Here To Enlarge
Ellagic acid Not Available Not Available C14H6O8 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

As a topical antiseptic for ear, eye, and skin infections, for digestive problems, prostate and urinary infections, hypertension and high cholesterol levels (leaves); to tone, balance, and strengthen liver function and for hepatitis and liver inflammation/pain, high cholesterol, skin care and skin anti-aging, sinusitis, constipation, relieves stomachaches and asthma (seeds); in healing of minor wounds and burns, prevents scaring and blisters (pulp and oil); treatment of jaundice, diabetes, influenza, dysentry, venereal diseases (root).

Contraindication

Contraindicated for people with diabetes.

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