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Home » Plant infomation

Vaccinium vitis-idaea  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.

English Name

:

Cranberry and Cowberry

Family

:

Ericaceae

 

General Info

Description

Plant stems are semi-woody, bearing numerous shoots 1-2 mm in diameter. Simple, petiolate, evergreen, leathery, obovate leaves alternate in a spiral. Leaf upper surface is dark green; the lower surface is pale green, waxy with black glandular dots. Flowers are produced singly or in clusters in terminal racemes, with four locules per ovary, four sepals, a bell-shaped corolla and eight stamens with nonspurred anthers (Hail and Shay 1981). Pollen is borne in tetrads shed through a terminal pore in the anther. The ovary is inferior producing a true globose berry, carmine in color when ripe, up to 1 cm in diameter.

Herb Effects

Antiseptic, astringent, diuretic, refrigerant (leaves).

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Plants for a Future

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

(+)-Catechin, ascorbic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, kaempferol, lycopene, malic acid, pectin, salicyclic acid, ursolic acid (fruit); arbutin, avicularin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, gallic acid, hydroquinone, isoquercitrin, quercetin, tannin (leaf); beta-carotene (plant); hyperoside (fruit, leaf).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
(+)-Catechin 5323-80-8 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Benzoic acid 8013-63-6 benzoic acid C7H6O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Citric acid Not Available 2-hydroxypropane-1,2
,3-tricarboxylic
acid
C6H8O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Lycopene Not Available 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,3
1-octamethyldotriaco
nta-2,6,8,10,12,14,1
6,18,20,22 ,24,26,3
0-tridecaene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Malic acid Not Available 2-hydroxybutanedioic
acid
C4H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Ursolic acid 77-52-1 10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
C30H48O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Arbutin Not Available 2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-
(4-hydroxyphenoxy)ox
ane-3,4,5-triol
C12H16O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Avicularin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-
(4,5,6-trihydroxyoxa
n-3-yl)oxy -chroman
-4-one
C20H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Epicatechin 490-46-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Hydroquinone 8027-02-9 benzene-1,4-diol C6H6O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoquercitrin 21637-25-2 3-[5-(1,2-dihydroxye
thyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-
oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3
,4-dihydro xyphenyl
)-4,5-dihydroxy-chro
men-7-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Hyperoside 482-36-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-chromen-7
-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In urinary tract infections; in the treatment of gonorrhoea, arthritis, rheumatism, diabetes and diarrhoea (leaves); for diarrhoea and as a treatment for sore throats, coughs and colds (mature fruits); as a gargle in treatment for sore throats (juice of the plant).

Contraindication

Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and in children under 12 years of age.

Reference

Stary, The Natural Guide to Medicinal Herbs and Plants.

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