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Home » Plant infomation

Madhuca longifolia  (KOEN.) MACLER

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Madhuca longifolia (KOEN.) MACLER

English Name

:

Butter Tree

Synonym(s)

:

Bassia longifolia Koen. Madhuca indica

Family

:

Sapotaceae

 

General Info

Description

A large deciduous tree 12 to 15 m tall. Leaf clustered in the ends, broadly elliptic, coriaceous, crimson and pubescent, glabrous, apex acuminate, base rounded; petioles 2 to 4 cm long, stipules 0.6 to 1.0 cm long, pubescent. Flowers numerous, scented, pubescent, calyx 1.6 cm long, sepals elliptic, ovate to lanceolate, corolla creamy white, tube 8 mm long. Fruits berry ovoid or subglobose, 2.5 to 5.0 cm long, greenish turns yellow when ripe. Seeds 1 to 4, brown, oblong-ellipsoid shiny.

Herb Effects

Fresh juice of the plant is alterative, while the spirit distilled from the flowers is powerful stimulant, astringent, tonic and appetiser. Flowers are cooling demulcent, expectorant, tonic nutritive and stimulant, antidiabetic and hypotensive (bark); antibacterial (aerial part); spermicide (seed); astringent (bark and flower).

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Triterpenoids (fruit); saponins, sapogenin and a fatty oil (seed); beta-carotene and sitosterol (leaf).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Sapogenin Not available Not available C27H42O4 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In ulcers (root bark); as a tonic (flower and bark); in diabetes, in itching, bleeding gums, ulcers, rheumatism, diabetes and as an astringent (bark); in piles (flowers); for skin diseases (seed oil); as a poultice for eczema (leaves).

Contraindication

Liquor obtained from the flowers by distillation is known to cause gastric irritation in large doses.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.


Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

Grieve M. A Modern Herbal (1931) (www.botanical.com).

Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference (www.herbweb.com/herbage).

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