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Home » Plant infomation

Vaccinium myrtillus  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Vaccinium myrtillus L.

English Name

:

Bilberry. Blueberry and Whortleberry

Family

:

Ericaceae

 

General Info

Description

A shrubby perennial plant. The angular, green, branched stem grows from a creeping rootstock to a height of 1 to 1.5 feet. The leaves are alternate, obovate to ovate, weakly serrate, dark green and shiny on top and 0.5 to 1 inch long. The reddish pink or red and white, solitary, auxiliary flowers have a pitcher shaped corolla and appear in May and June. The fruit is usually blue-black; it may be red in some cases. The berry is 5-seeded.

Herb Effects

Laxative, antiseptic, astringent, diuretic and hemostatic; astringent, tonic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic (leaves)

Links

Bilberry and Herbal Medicine
Plants for a Future
Herb Information

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Arbutin, astragalin, hyperoside, tannin, ursolic acid (fruit, leaf); ascorbic acid, cyanidin, delphinidin, ferulic acid, inositol, lutein, malvidin, niacin, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, riboflavin, syringic acid, thiamin, vanillic acid (fruit); asperuloside, benzoic acid, beta-amyrin, beta-carotene, caffeic acid, caryophyllene, catechin, chlorogenic acid, citric acid, cyanidin-3-o-galactoside, cyanidin-3-o-glucoside, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, gallic acid, hydroquinone, isoquercitrin, malic acid, oleanolic acid, oxalic acid, quercetin, quercitrin, succinic acid (leaf).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Arbutin Not Available 2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-
(4-hydroxyphenoxy)ox
ane-3,4,5-triol
C12H16O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Astragalin 480-10-4 4,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4
,5-trihydroxy-6-(hyd
roxymethyl )oxan-2-
yl]oxy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Hyperoside 482-36-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-chromen-7
-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Ursolic acid 77-52-1 10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
C30H48O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Cyanidin 87725-42-6 [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphe
nyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-c
hromen-5-ylidene]oxo
nium
C15H11O6+ Click Here To Enlarge
Delphinidin 528-53-0 [3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,
4,5-trihydroxyphenyl
)-chromen-5-ylidene]
oxonium ch loride
C15H11ClO7 Click Here To Enlarge
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Inositol 551-72-4 cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,
5,6-hexol
C6H12O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Lutein 34445-91-5 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-2
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Malvidin 643-84-5 [3,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-
hydroxy-3,5-dimethox
y-phenyl)-chromen-5-
ylidene]ox onium
chloride
C17H15ClO7 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 Pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 99-96-7 4-hydroxybenzoic
acid
C7H6O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Protocatechuic acid 5417-95-8 N,N-diethyl-N'-(2,4,
8,9-tetrazabicyclo[4
.3.0]nona-2,4,7,10-t
etraen-5-y l)propan
e-1,3-diamine
C12H20N6 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Syringic acid 64887-60-1 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimeth
oxy-benzoic acid
C9H10O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Vanillic acid Not Available 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
benzoic acid
C8H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Asperuloside 14259-45-1 Not Available C18H22O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Benzoic acid 8013-63-6 benzoic acid C7H6O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-Amyrin 559-70-6 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Caryophyllene 87-44-5 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Catechin 5323-80-8 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Chlorogenic acid 327-97-9 3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid
C16H18O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Citric acid Not Available 2-hydroxypropane-1,2
,3-tricarboxylic
acid
C6H8O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Epicatechin 490-46-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Epigallocatechin 970-74-1 (2R,3R)-2-(3,4,5-tri
hydroxyphenyl)chroma
n-3,5,7-triol
C15H14O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Hydroquinone 8027-02-9 benzene-1,4-diol C6H6O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoquercitrin 21637-25-2 3-[5-(1,2-dihydroxye
thyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-
oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3
,4-dihydro xyphenyl
)-4,5-dihydroxy-chro
men-7-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Malic acid Not Available 2-hydroxybutanedioic
acid
C4H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleanolic acid 508-02-1 10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
13,14b-tetradecahydr
opicene-4a-carboxyli
c acid
C30H48O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Oxalic acid 553-91-3 Oxalic acid C2H2O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercitrin 6151-25-3 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
methyl-oxa n-2-yl)o
xy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Succinic acid 6283-68-7 butanedioic acid C4H6O4 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

For indigestion, dysentery and diarrhea (especially for juveniles) (fruit); in infections of the urinary tract, to treat gastrointestinal ailments (leaf); in periodontal disease (leaf and fruit); to improve night vision; in the treatment of ulcers and in ulceration of the mouth and throat (decoction of leaves and bark)

Reference

Bertuglia S. Malandrino S. Colantuoni A. Effect of Vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on ischaemia reperfusion injury in hamster cheek pouch microcirculation. Pharmacol Res1995 Mar-Apr;31(3-4):183-7.

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